Venetian plaster is a wall and ceiling finish with ancient roots that is known for adding a sophisticated and timeless look to homes. It is made from a mixture of fired limestone and water, sometimes including marble dust .

Composition and Characteristics:
Venetian plaster is a putty made from fired limestone combined with water to make lime plaster. The absence of aggregates, which are present in other plasters like tadelakt and marmorino, distinguishes it. When applied to walls, the lime plaster interacts with carbon dioxide in the air and reverts to limestone, offering an iridescent finish with depth and movement .

History and Use:
This technique dates back to ancient Greece and Egypt and was notably used in noble residences during the 15th century in Venice. It gained popularity in France and England and is now used worldwide. Today, it is used to complement interior designs in both old and new buildings .

Application:
Venetian plaster is applied in thin layers using a special spatula or trowel to create a fluid effect. The number of coats needed has decreased over time due to technology, now requiring only one to four thin coats. The final layer is burnished with a steel trowel to create a glass-like sheen, adding depth and texture .

Benefits and Drawbacks:
Venetian plaster is considered environmentally friendly due to the purity of its natural materials. It is also durable, low maintenance, and can be easily repaired. However, it can be more expensive than traditional plastering and painting .

Types of Venetian Plaster:
There are different types of Venetian plaster, including:
- Marmorino: The oldest and easiest to apply, creating a matte finish .
- Scagliola: Mimics the appearance of marble and requires careful layering of colors .
- Sgraffito: Involves scratching layers of colored plaster to reveal underlying layers .